Source code for beets.metadata_plugins

"""Metadata source plugin interface.

This allows beets to lookup metadata from various sources. We define
a common interface for all metadata sources which need to be
implemented as plugins.
"""

from __future__ import annotations

import abc
import re
from contextlib import contextmanager, nullcontext
from functools import cache, cached_property, wraps
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Generic, Literal, TypedDict, TypeVar

import unidecode
from confuse import NotFoundError
from typing_extensions import NotRequired

from beets import config, logging
from beets.util import cached_classproperty
from beets.util.id_extractors import extract_release_id

from .plugins import BeetsPlugin, find_plugins, notify_info_yielded

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable, Iterator, Sequence

    from .autotag.hooks import AlbumInfo, Item, TrackInfo

    Ret = TypeVar("Ret")

# Global logger.
log = logging.getLogger("beets")


@cache
def find_metadata_source_plugins() -> list[MetadataSourcePlugin]:
    """Return a list of all loaded metadata source plugins."""
    # TODO: Make this an isinstance(MetadataSourcePlugin, ...) check in v3.0.0
    # This should also allow us to remove the type: ignore comments below.
    return [p for p in find_plugins() if hasattr(p, "data_source")]  # type: ignore[misc]


@contextmanager
def handle_plugin_error(plugin: MetadataSourcePlugin, method_name: str):
    """Safely call a plugin method, catching and logging exceptions."""
    try:
        yield
    except Exception as e:
        log.error("Error in '{}.{}': {}", plugin.data_source, method_name, e)
        log.debug("Exception details:", exc_info=True)


def _yield_from_plugins(
    func: Callable[..., Iterable[Ret]],
) -> Callable[..., Iterator[Ret]]:
    method_name = func.__name__

    @wraps(func)
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs) -> Iterator[Ret]:
        for plugin in find_metadata_source_plugins():
            method = getattr(plugin, method_name)
            with (
                nullcontext()
                if config["raise_on_error"]
                else handle_plugin_error(plugin, method_name)
            ):
                yield from filter(None, method(*args, **kwargs))

    return wrapper


@notify_info_yielded("albuminfo_received")
@_yield_from_plugins
def candidates(*args, **kwargs) -> Iterator[AlbumInfo]:
    yield from ()


@notify_info_yielded("trackinfo_received")
@_yield_from_plugins
def item_candidates(*args, **kwargs) -> Iterator[TrackInfo]:
    yield from ()


@notify_info_yielded("albuminfo_received")
@_yield_from_plugins
def albums_for_ids(*args, **kwargs) -> Iterator[AlbumInfo]:
    yield from ()


@notify_info_yielded("trackinfo_received")
@_yield_from_plugins
def tracks_for_ids(*args, **kwargs) -> Iterator[TrackInfo]:
    yield from ()


def album_for_id(_id: str) -> AlbumInfo | None:
    return next(albums_for_ids([_id]), None)


def track_for_id(_id: str) -> TrackInfo | None:
    return next(tracks_for_ids([_id]), None)


@cache
def get_penalty(data_source: str | None) -> float:
    """Get the penalty value for the given data source."""
    return next(
        (
            p.data_source_mismatch_penalty
            for p in find_metadata_source_plugins()
            if p.data_source == data_source
        ),
        MetadataSourcePlugin.DEFAULT_DATA_SOURCE_MISMATCH_PENALTY,
    )




class MetadataSourcePlugin(BeetsPlugin, metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
    """A plugin that provides metadata from a specific source.

    This base class implements a contract for plugins that provide metadata
    from a specific source. The plugin must implement the methods to search for albums
    and tracks, and to retrieve album and track information by ID.
    """

    DEFAULT_DATA_SOURCE_MISMATCH_PENALTY = 0.5

    @cached_classproperty
    def data_source(cls) -> str:
        """The data source name for this plugin.

        This is inferred from the plugin name.
        """
        return cls.__name__.replace("Plugin", "")  # type: ignore[attr-defined]

    @cached_property
    def data_source_mismatch_penalty(self) -> float:
        try:
            return self.config["source_weight"].as_number()
        except NotFoundError:
            return self.config["data_source_mismatch_penalty"].as_number()



    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.config.add(
            {
                "search_limit": 5,
                "data_source_mismatch_penalty": self.DEFAULT_DATA_SOURCE_MISMATCH_PENALTY,  # noqa: E501
            }
        )




    @abc.abstractmethod
    def album_for_id(self, album_id: str) -> AlbumInfo | None:
        """Return :py:class:`AlbumInfo` object or None if no matching release was
        found."""
        raise NotImplementedError




    @abc.abstractmethod
    def track_for_id(self, track_id: str) -> TrackInfo | None:
        """Return a :py:class:`TrackInfo` object or None if no matching release was
        found.
        """
        raise NotImplementedError


    # ---------------------------------- search ---------------------------------- #



    @abc.abstractmethod
    def candidates(
        self,
        items: Sequence[Item],
        artist: str,
        album: str,
        va_likely: bool,
    ) -> Iterable[AlbumInfo]:
        """Return :py:class:`AlbumInfo` candidates that match the given album.

        Used in the autotag functionality to search for albums.

        :param items: List of items in the album
        :param artist: Album artist
        :param album: Album name
        :param va_likely: Whether the album is likely to be by various artists
        """
        raise NotImplementedError




    @abc.abstractmethod
    def item_candidates(
        self, item: Item, artist: str, title: str
    ) -> Iterable[TrackInfo]:
        """Return :py:class:`TrackInfo` candidates that match the given track.

        Used in the autotag functionality to search for tracks.

        :param item: Track item
        :param artist: Track artist
        :param title: Track title
        """
        raise NotImplementedError




    def albums_for_ids(self, ids: Sequence[str]) -> Iterable[AlbumInfo | None]:
        """Batch lookup of album metadata for a list of album IDs.

        Given a list of album identifiers, yields corresponding AlbumInfo objects.
        Missing albums result in None values in the output iterator.
        Plugins may implement this for optimized batched lookups instead of
        single calls to album_for_id.
        """

        return (self.album_for_id(id) for id in ids)




    def tracks_for_ids(self, ids: Sequence[str]) -> Iterable[TrackInfo | None]:
        """Batch lookup of track metadata for a list of track IDs.

        Given a list of track identifiers, yields corresponding TrackInfo objects.
        Missing tracks result in None values in the output iterator.
        Plugins may implement this for optimized batched lookups instead of
        single calls to track_for_id.
        """

        return (self.track_for_id(id) for id in ids)


    def _extract_id(self, url: str) -> str | None:
        """Extract an ID from a URL for this metadata source plugin.

        Uses the plugin's data source name to determine the ID format and
        extracts the ID from a given URL.
        """
        return extract_release_id(self.data_source, url)



    @staticmethod
    def get_artist(
        artists: Iterable[dict[str | int, str]],
        id_key: str | int = "id",
        name_key: str | int = "name",
        join_key: str | int | None = None,
    ) -> tuple[str, str | None]:
        """Returns an artist string (all artists) and an artist_id (the main
        artist) for a list of artist object dicts.

        For each artist, this function moves articles (such as 'a', 'an', and 'the')
        to the front. It returns a tuple containing the comma-separated string
        of all normalized artists and the ``id`` of the main/first artist.
        Alternatively a keyword can be used to combine artists together into a
        single string by passing the join_key argument.

        :param artists: Iterable of artist dicts or lists returned by API.
        :param id_key: Key or index corresponding to the value of ``id`` for
            the main/first artist. Defaults to 'id'.
        :param name_key: Key or index corresponding to values of names
            to concatenate for the artist string (containing all artists).
            Defaults to 'name'.
        :param join_key: Key or index corresponding to a field containing a
            keyword to use for combining artists into a single string, for
            example "Feat.", "Vs.", "And" or similar. The default is None
            which keeps the default behaviour (comma-separated).
        :return: Normalized artist string.
        """
        artist_id = None
        artist_string = ""
        artists = list(artists)  # In case a generator was passed.
        total = len(artists)
        for idx, artist in enumerate(artists):
            if not artist_id:
                artist_id = artist[id_key]
            name = artist[name_key]
            # Move articles to the front.
            name = re.sub(r"^(.*?), (a|an|the)$", r"\2 \1", name, flags=re.I)
            # Use a join keyword if requested and available.
            if idx < (total - 1):  # Skip joining on last.
                if join_key and artist.get(join_key, None):
                    name += f" {artist[join_key]} "
                else:
                    name += ", "
            artist_string += name

        return artist_string, artist_id




class IDResponse(TypedDict):
    """Response from the API containing an ID."""

    id: str


class SearchFilter(TypedDict):
    artist: NotRequired[str]
    album: NotRequired[str]


R = TypeVar("R", bound=IDResponse)




class SearchApiMetadataSourcePlugin(
    Generic[R], MetadataSourcePlugin, metaclass=abc.ABCMeta
):
    """Helper class to implement a metadata source plugin with an API.

    Plugins using this ABC must implement an API search method to
    retrieve album and track information by ID,
    i.e. `album_for_id` and `track_for_id`, and a search method to
    perform a search on the API. The search method should return a list
    of identifiers for the requested type (album or track).
    """



    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.config.add(
            {
                "search_query_ascii": False,
            }
        )


    @abc.abstractmethod
    def _search_api(
        self,
        query_type: Literal["album", "track"],
        filters: SearchFilter,
        query_string: str = "",
    ) -> Sequence[R]:
        """Perform a search on the API.

        :param query_type: The type of query to perform.
        :param filters: A dictionary of filters to apply to the search.
        :param query_string: Additional query to include in the search.

        Should return a list of identifiers for the requested type (album or track).
        """
        raise NotImplementedError



    def candidates(
        self,
        items: Sequence[Item],
        artist: str,
        album: str,
        va_likely: bool,
    ) -> Iterable[AlbumInfo]:
        query_filters: SearchFilter = {}
        if album:
            query_filters["album"] = album
        if not va_likely:
            query_filters["artist"] = artist

        results = self._search_api("album", query_filters)
        if not results:
            return []

        return filter(
            None, self.albums_for_ids([result["id"] for result in results])
        )




    def item_candidates(
        self, item: Item, artist: str, title: str
    ) -> Iterable[TrackInfo]:
        results = self._search_api(
            "track", {"artist": artist}, query_string=title
        )
        if not results:
            return []

        return filter(
            None,
            self.tracks_for_ids([result["id"] for result in results if result]),
        )


    def _construct_search_query(
        self, filters: SearchFilter, query_string: str
    ) -> str:
        """Construct a query string with the specified filters and keywords to
        be provided to the spotify (or similar) search API.

        The returned format was initially designed for spotify's search API but
        we found is also useful with other APIs that support similar query structures.
        see `spotify <https://developer.spotify.com/documentation/web-api/reference/search>`_
        and `deezer <https://developers.deezer.com/api/search>`_.

        :param filters: Field filters to apply.
        :param query_string: Query keywords to use.
        :return: Query string to be provided to the search API.
        """

        components = [query_string, *(f"{k}:'{v}'" for k, v in filters.items())]
        query = " ".join(filter(None, components))

        if self.config["search_query_ascii"].get():
            query = unidecode.unidecode(query)

        return query